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Emergency Fund Calculator

An emergency fund pays the bills if income stops or a large expense lands without warning. Add up the monthly costs you could not cut, pick how many months to cover, and the calculator shows the target, the gap and how long it takes to close it.

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Calculator and results

Your essentials come to ₹50,000 a month, so 6 months of cover is ₹3,00,000. You have ₹1,00,000 set aside, about 2.0 months, leaving a gap of ₹2,00,000. Saving ₹20,000 a month at an assumed 6% return closes the gap in 10 months.

Monthly essentials
₹
₹
₹
₹
₹

For a yearly premium, enter a twelfth of it.

₹

For fees paid by term or year, enter the yearly total divided by 12.

₹

Transport, medicines, care for parents.

months

Three to six is a common starting point; one income, uneven pay or dependants argue for more. Your choice, not a rule.

₹
₹
%

An assumption you set. Check your bank's sweep FD rate or a liquid fund's recent returns; liquid fund returns are not guaranteed.

months

For same-day access. The rest can sit in a sweep FD or liquid fund.

Emergency fund target

₹3,00,000

6 months of essentials

Time to reach it

10 months

adding ₹20,000 a month

Gap to fill

₹2,00,000

₹1,00,000 already set aside

Monthly essentials

₹50,000

covered now: 2.0 months

In a savings account

₹50,000

1 months, instant access

In a sweep FD or liquid fund

₹2,50,000

the rest of the target

One way to hold the fund

Total₹3 L
Savings account
16.7%
₹50,000
Sweep FD or liquid fund
83.3%
₹2,50,000

These are options, not advice. A sweep FD linked to your savings account breaks when the balance runs short; a liquid fund has to be redeemed and its value can move a little. Keep the fund apart from money you invest for long-term goals.

Building the fund
Building the fund
AfterAddedFund
3 months₹60,000₹1,61,808
6 months₹1,20,000₹2,24,548
9 months₹1,80,000₹2,88,233
10 months₹2,00,000₹3,09,675

Saved scenarios stay in this browser only. No sign-up.

Emergency fund target

₹3,00,000

Gap ₹2,00,000 · 10 months
What it is:
A planner for the size of an emergency fund and the time to build it.
What it calculates:
Monthly essentials, the target fund, the gap from what you have, months to reach it and a suggested split between instant and near-instant access.

Key Assumptions

  • Expenses stay the same while you build the fund; inflation is not included.
  • The return you enter is an assumption and stays constant; tax on interest is not deducted.
  • Health and term insurance are separate from the fund; a fund is not a substitute for cover.

How does the Emergency Fund Calculator work?

Monthly essentials are rent, loan EMIs, groceries, utilities, insurance premiums, school fees and anything else you would still have to pay. For yearly bills such as insurance or school fees, enter a twelfth of the yearly amount.

The target is monthly essentials times the months of cover you choose. Three to six months is a common starting point; people with one income, irregular pay, dependants or a large EMI often choose more. This is guidance to think with, not a rule.

The gap is the target minus savings you already keep aside for emergencies. The months to reach it assume you add the same amount at the end of every month and the fund earns the return you enter, compounded monthly.

The split is one way to hold the fund: a part in a savings account for same-day access, and the rest somewhere that may pay more, such as a sweep-in fixed deposit linked to the savings account or a liquid mutual fund. Check the terms and the current rates yourself; returns on a liquid fund are not guaranteed.

Worked example: if rent, EMIs, groceries, school fees and insurance come to ₹40,000 a month, six months of cover is ₹2,40,000. With ₹90,000 already set aside, the gap is ₹1,50,000, which takes 15 months at ₹10,000 a month.

Keep the fund where you can reach it within a day or two: a high-interest savings account or a sweep-in FD. Compare what each pays on the savings account interest rates and highest FD rates pages. Insurance does the rest: the Health Insurance Calculator and Term Insurance Calculator cover the risks an emergency fund cannot.

Emergency Fund Calculator formula

Target = E x m; Gap = max(0, Target - S); find the first n where S x (1 + i)^n + P x ((1 + i)^n - 1) / i >= Target

E
= monthly essential expenses
m
= months of cover
S
= savings already set aside
P
= amount you add each month
i
= assumed annual return / 12 / 100
n
= months to reach the target

At 0% return the months are simply the gap divided by the monthly amount, rounded up.

Emergency Fund Calculator: worked example

A household spending ₹50,000 a month on essentials, with ₹1,00,000 saved

Target (6 months)
₹3,00,000
Gap to fill
₹2,00,000
Time at ₹20,000 a month, 6% assumed return
10 months
In a savings account (1 month)
₹50,000
In a sweep FD or liquid fund
₹2,50,000

Emergency Fund Calculator: frequently asked questions

How many months of expenses should an emergency fund cover?
There is no fixed rule. Three to six months of essentials is a common starting point. A single earner, a job with uneven income, a large EMI, dependants or an older parent's care all argue for more, which is why the calculator lets you choose up to twelve.
Should I count EMIs in monthly expenses?
Yes. A missed EMI brings penal charges and hurts your credit score, so loan instalments are among the first things the fund has to cover.
Where should I keep an emergency fund?
Somewhere safe and quick to reach. Common options are a savings account for the first part, and a sweep-in fixed deposit or a liquid mutual fund for the rest. A sweep FD is set up to break automatically when the savings balance runs short; a liquid fund has to be redeemed through the fund house, which takes a little longer, so check its payout terms. Equity funds are a poor fit because their value can fall just when you need the money.
Should I pay off debt or build an emergency fund first?
Many people build a small fund first, so a surprise bill does not go on a credit card, and then split extra money between the fund and paying down expensive debt. Credit card debt usually costs far more than any deposit earns.
Is interest on an emergency fund taxed?
Interest from savings accounts and fixed deposits is added to your income and taxed at your slab rate, subject to any deduction you are eligible for. Gains on liquid fund units bought from April 2023 are also taxed at your slab rate. The calculator does not deduct tax, so use a slightly lower return to allow for it.
How much emergency fund do I need on a ₹40,000 monthly spend?
₹1,20,000 to ₹2,40,000, which is three to six months of essential expenses. Choose six months or more if your income is irregular or you are the only earner in the family.

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Reviewed by Pradipta Ray, MBA (Finance) · Updated